美媒根據(jù)《美國制造業(yè)回流指數(shù)》篤定：美國將在2025年實(shí)現(xiàn)超84%的美國企業(yè)部分或者全部回流其制造業(yè)務(wù)。我個(gè)人認(rèn)為，大選將至，美國現(xiàn)任總統(tǒng)又拿前任總統(tǒng)的業(yè)績來畫餅了。

美前總統(tǒng)上臺后，致力于重振美國制造業(yè)，他提出了一系列的政策和計(jì)劃。圍繞著推動制造業(yè)回流，在貿(mào)易、稅收、監(jiān)管等方面進(jìn)行調(diào)整，希望重新將具有競爭力的產(chǎn)業(yè)引回美國。

他采取各種手段保護(hù)本土生產(chǎn)者，比如懲罰中國進(jìn)口貨物加征關(guān)稅，談判美墨加北美自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定，以及退出跨太平洋伙伴關(guān)系等等。此類行動助力美國的制造業(yè)變得更具吸引力，并使本土公司不再僅僅只考慮成本優(yōu)勢去外包生產(chǎn)。

他槍槍打中我們中國的痛點(diǎn)，比如：禁止華為購買芯片、禁止華為使用安卓系統(tǒng)、導(dǎo)致華為在市場占有率短暫位列世界第一后，急劇下降。畫餅讓臺積電等芯片代工企業(yè)赴美建廠，讓世界所有芯片代工企業(yè)都捏在美國手里。禁止先進(jìn)光刻機(jī)對華出口，導(dǎo)致中國芯片設(shè)計(jì)發(fā)展，止步3納米。懲罰中國高校，讓中國高端制造業(yè)人才無法出國留學(xué)和正?；亓?。

他提出減少企業(yè)稅負(fù)、疏解運(yùn)營及生產(chǎn)過程中的各種阻礙，同時(shí)使企業(yè)更容易獲得財(cái)政資金支持。這不僅讓美國企業(yè)將制造業(yè)回流國內(nèi)，甚至還吸引了一部分中國企業(yè)赴美建廠。他提出政府采購美國優(yōu)先，這又促使一部分產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)在美國形成完整供應(yīng)鏈。

美國的所謂制造業(yè)回流其實(shí)本身就是一張大餅，有很大的行業(yè)局限性。在美國制造業(yè)中，一些高技術(shù)含量或高附加值的產(chǎn)業(yè)相對容易回流，如航空、汽車、芯片、計(jì)算機(jī)等行業(yè)。這些行業(yè)具有技術(shù)密集性、創(chuàng)新能力強(qiáng)以及對資本、人才、技術(shù)等方面的需求大等特點(diǎn)。

而在一些勞動密集型的產(chǎn)業(yè)，例如輕工業(yè)、紡織業(yè)等，則面臨著更大的困難。這是因?yàn)閯趧用芗托袠I(yè)的生產(chǎn)成本過于依賴于廉價(jià)勞動力，如果要回流，成本將顯著上升，難以維持當(dāng)?shù)馗偁幜Α４送膺€需要考慮到供應(yīng)鏈、設(shè)施建設(shè)等問題，以及長途跋涉可能引入風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和延遲等問題。

選民之所以支持制造業(yè)回流，是希望能夠獲得工作崗位，但是美國搞的所謂制造業(yè)回流，產(chǎn)生的崗位其實(shí)和大多數(shù)學(xué)歷水平一般的美國人沒有任何關(guān)系。

美國現(xiàn)任總統(tǒng)在制造業(yè)回流上幾乎沒做任何事，他采取的行動幾乎沒有任何的創(chuàng)見，就是躺在前任總統(tǒng)的業(yè)績上。他的“萬億美元的經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激計(jì)劃”，其實(shí)就是因?yàn)槌霈F(xiàn)通貨緊縮，不得不向市場投放資金。因?yàn)橥ㄘ浘o縮，美國的就業(yè)崗位不僅沒有增加，反而因?yàn)槠髽I(yè)經(jīng)營困難而有所減少。

他提議的“提高公司稅率和加強(qiáng)打擊假冒偽劣貨物等措施“號稱是保護(hù)本土制造業(yè)，其實(shí)就是一個(gè)口號，美國正常法制運(yùn)行下，這些工作本來就要進(jìn)行。但是，加稅的做法，讓很多赴美建設(shè)工廠的企業(yè)大呼上當(dāng)。

所以，這個(gè)時(shí)候美媒說制造業(yè)回流取得成效，歌頌美現(xiàn)任總統(tǒng)的業(yè)績，其實(shí)是前總統(tǒng)的。為了選票，拿前任的業(yè)績來畫餅和前任總統(tǒng)，繼續(xù)競爭馬上來臨的選舉，也是有點(diǎn)滑稽。

According to the "US Manufacturing Reshoring Index," . media is convinced that over 84% of American companies will partially or fully reshore their manufacturing operations by 2025. Personally, I think that with the presidential election approaching, the current . president is boasting about the achievements of the former president again.

After taking office, the former . president was committed to revitalizing American manufacturing and proposed a series of policies and plans. He made adjustments in trade, taxation, regulation and other areas aimed at promoting reshoring of manufacturing, hoping to bring competitive industries back to the United States.

He took various measures to protect domestic producers, such as imposing tariffs on Chinese imports, negotiating the USMCA free trade agreement between the United States, Mexico, and Canada, and withdrawing from the Trans-Pacific Partnership. These actions helped to make American manufacturing more attractive and led domestic companies to no longer only consider cost advantages when outsourcing production.

He hit the pain points of China, such as prohibiting Huawei from purchasing chips and using the Android system, which caused Huawei's market share to decline rapidly after briefly ranking first in the world. He invited TSMC and other chip foundries to build factories in the United States and brought all chip foundries in the world under America's control. He prevented advanced lithography machines from being exported to China, causing China's chip design to stagnate at 3 nm. He punished Chinese universities, making it difficult for top-notch talent in China's high-end manufacturing industry to study abroad and return home normally.

He proposed reducing corporate tax burdens, eliminating various obstacles in the operation and production process, and making it easier for businesses to obtain financial support. This not only allowed American companies to reshore manufacturing domestically, but also attracted some Chinese companies to build factories in the United States. He proposed government procurement with "Buy American" priority, which promoted the formation of a complete supply chain for some products in the United States.

The so-called reshoring of manufacturing in the United States is actually a big pie with significant industry limitations. In the US manufacturing sector, some industries with high technology content or high added value are comparatively easy to reshore, such as aviation, automotive, semiconductor, computer and other industries. These industries have characteristics such as technology intensity, strong innovation ability, and large demand for capital, talent, technology, etc.

However, in some labor-intensive industries, such as light industry, textiles, they face greater difficulties. This is because the production cost of labor-intensive industries is too dependent on cheap labor. If they want to reshore, the cost will significantly increase, which will be difficult to maintain local competitiveness. In addition, supply chain, facility construction and other issues need to be considered, as well as risks and delays that may be introduced by long-distance transportation.

The reason why voters support reshoring of manufacturing is to obtain job opportunities, but the jobs created through the so-called reshoring of manufacturing in the United States actually have nothing to do with most average-educated Americans.

The current President of the United States has done almost nothing to bring back manufacturing, and his actions have been largely uncreative, relying on the achievements of the former president. His $ trillion economic stimulus plan was simply a response to deflationary pressures that required market intervention. However, due to deflation, employment in the United States not only did not increase but actually decreased due to ongoing difficulties in business operations.

His proposal to "raise corporate tax rates and strengthen measures to combat counterfeit goods" is purportedly designed to protect domestic manufacturing, but is actually just a slogan. These are works that should have been carried out under normal legal procedures in the United States. However, the practice of raising taxes has left many enterprises that intended to build factories in America feeling deceived.

Therefore, when the American media praises the effectiveness of bringing back manufacturing, they are essentially singing the praises of the achievements of the former president, not the current one. Claiming credit for the achievements of the previous administration in order to win votes and compete in the upcoming election is somewhat ridiculous.