魔女在彼岸
accounting會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)accountant會(huì)計(jì)師bookkeeping簿記bookkeeper簿記師double-entry bookkeeping復(fù)式簿記single-entry bookkeeping單式簿記account book帳簿,會(huì)計(jì)簿冊(cè)cashbook現(xiàn)金出納簿journal日記簿statement of accounts帳目表,帳單balance (sheet)資產(chǎn)平穩(wěn)表financial year, trading year財(cái)政年度income and expenditure, receipts and expenditure, output and input支出和收入assets資產(chǎn)liabilities債務(wù),負(fù)債debit借方turnover, volume of business營業(yè)額,銷售額cash on hand留存現(xiàn)金,庫存現(xiàn)金cash balance現(xiàn)金余額,現(xiàn)款結(jié)存credit balance貸方余額debit balance借方余額,借方差額deficit虧空balance of trade貿(mào)易差額,國際貿(mào)易平衡balance of payments(國際)收支,國際收支差額表
lostinyoudaidai
求關(guān)于會(huì)計(jì)的一些常用英文單詞,如下:
A開頭:
1、account receivable 應(yīng)收賬款
2、accountant會(huì)計(jì)師、會(huì)計(jì)人員
3、accounting會(huì)計(jì)
4、accounting cycle 會(huì)計(jì)循環(huán)
5、accounting equation會(huì)計(jì)等式
6、accounting information system 會(huì)計(jì)信息系統(tǒng)
7、accrual-basis accounting 應(yīng)計(jì)制會(huì)計(jì)、權(quán)責(zé)發(fā)生制會(huì)計(jì)B開頭:
1、bond premium 債券溢價(jià)
2、book value 賬面價(jià)值
3、brand names 商標(biāo)
4、breakeven point 保本點(diǎn)、盈虧平衡點(diǎn)
5、budget 預(yù)算
6、capital 資本、資金
7、capital expenditure 資本性支出
8、cash budget 現(xiàn)金預(yù)算
9、cash disbursements journal 現(xiàn)金支出日記賬
10、cash flow 現(xiàn)金流量
11、cash payment journal 現(xiàn)金支出日記賬
12、cash receipts journal 現(xiàn)金收入日記賬C開頭:
1、credit 貸
2、credit memorandum or credit memo 貸項(xiàng)備忘錄
3、creditor 債權(quán)人
4、current asset 流動(dòng)資產(chǎn)
5、current liability 流動(dòng)負(fù)債
6、current ratio 流動(dòng)比率
D開頭:
1、debit 借
2、debit memo 借項(xiàng)備忘錄
3、debt ratio 負(fù)債比率
4、debtor 債務(wù)人
E開頭:
1、earnings per share 每股收益
2、efficient capital market 有效資本市場(chǎng)
3、employee compensation 員工薪酬
4、entity 實(shí)體
5、estimated residual value 預(yù)估殘余價(jià)值
6、expense 費(fèi)用
7、extraordinary gains and loss 營業(yè)外收入和支出F開頭:1、financial statements 財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表
2、finished goods inventory 完工產(chǎn)品存貨(產(chǎn)成品、庫存商品)
3、first-in, first-out 先進(jìn)先出法
4、fiscal year 會(huì)計(jì)年度
5、fixed asset 固定資產(chǎn)
6、fixed cost 固定成本
7、flexible budget 彈性預(yù)算
8、foreign-currency exchange rate 匯率
9、franchises 特許經(jīng)營權(quán)
擴(kuò)展資料:
會(huì)計(jì)專有名詞:
會(huì)計(jì)基本假設(shè)包括:會(huì)計(jì)主體、持續(xù)經(jīng)營、會(huì)計(jì)分期和貨幣計(jì)量四項(xiàng)。
1、會(huì)計(jì)主體
會(huì)計(jì)主體是指會(huì)計(jì)所服務(wù)的特定單位,它明確了會(huì)計(jì)工作的空間范圍。
《企業(yè)會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則》規(guī)定:“本準(zhǔn)則適用于設(shè)在中華人民共和國境內(nèi)的所有企業(yè)?!边@實(shí)質(zhì)上就是說,凡實(shí)行獨(dú)立核算的企業(yè)是會(huì)計(jì)主體,對(duì)企業(yè)發(fā)生的各項(xiàng)財(cái)務(wù)收支及其他經(jīng)濟(jì)業(yè)務(wù)進(jìn)行會(huì)計(jì)核算。
2、持續(xù)經(jīng)營
《企業(yè)會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則》規(guī)定:“會(huì)計(jì)核算應(yīng)當(dāng)以企業(yè)持續(xù)、正常的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營活動(dòng)為前提。”而不考慮企業(yè)是否將破產(chǎn)清算。它明確了會(huì)計(jì)工作的時(shí)間范圍。
3、會(huì)計(jì)分期
企業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的連續(xù)性決定了會(huì)計(jì)活動(dòng)是連續(xù)不斷的,如何將企業(yè)連續(xù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)以階段成果形式反映出來,及時(shí)地為企業(yè)、政府及所有者提供企業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)和經(jīng)營狀況的信息,這就涉及到會(huì)計(jì)期間劃分問題?!镀髽I(yè)會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則》規(guī)定:“會(huì)計(jì)核算應(yīng)當(dāng)劃分會(huì)計(jì)期間,分期結(jié)算賬目和編制會(huì)計(jì)報(bào)表。會(huì)計(jì)期間分為年度、季度和月份,年度、季度和月份的起訖日期采用公歷日期?!?/p>
4、貨幣計(jì)量
在會(huì)計(jì)核算中,可能涉及到多種貨幣,由于各種貨幣單位之間的匯兌率是不斷變化的,這就要求企業(yè)會(huì)計(jì)必須確立一種貨幣單位為記賬用的貨幣單位,其他所有的貨幣、實(shí)物、債權(quán)債務(wù)等,都可以通過它來度量、比較和稽核。這一貨幣單位稱之為“記賬本位幣”。
《企業(yè)會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則》規(guī)定:“會(huì)計(jì)核算以人民幣為記賬本位幣,”同時(shí)還規(guī)定:“業(yè)務(wù)收支以外幣為主的企業(yè),也可以選定某種外幣作為記賬本位幣,但編制的會(huì)計(jì)報(bào)表應(yīng)當(dāng)折算為人民幣反映?!?/p>
會(huì)計(jì)方法
會(huì)計(jì)的方法是指用來核算和監(jiān)督會(huì)計(jì)方式、完成會(huì)計(jì)任務(wù)的手段。也是履行會(huì)計(jì)職能,完成會(huì)計(jì)任務(wù),實(shí)現(xiàn)會(huì)計(jì)目標(biāo)的方式,是會(huì)計(jì)管理的手段。會(huì)計(jì)的方法包括會(huì)計(jì)核算方法、會(huì)計(jì)分析方法和會(huì)計(jì)檢查方法。
會(huì)計(jì)核算方法是對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)進(jìn)行全面、綜合、連續(xù)、系統(tǒng)的記錄和計(jì)算,為經(jīng)營管理提供必要的信息所應(yīng)用的方法,它是整個(gè)會(huì)計(jì)方法體系的基礎(chǔ)。會(huì)計(jì)核算方法主要包括以下幾種:(1)設(shè)置賬戶,是對(duì)會(huì)計(jì)對(duì)象的具體內(nèi)容進(jìn)行歸類核算和監(jiān)督的一種方法。(2)復(fù)式記賬,是對(duì)任何一筆經(jīng)業(yè)務(wù)都以相等的金額,在兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的相關(guān)賬戶中作相互聯(lián)系的登記,從而能夠全面、系統(tǒng)地核算經(jīng)濟(jì)業(yè)務(wù)對(duì)各會(huì)計(jì)要素的影響及其結(jié)果。(3)填制和審核會(huì)計(jì)憑證,會(huì)計(jì)憑證是用來記錄經(jīng)濟(jì)業(yè)務(wù)、明確經(jīng)濟(jì)業(yè)務(wù)責(zé)任,并據(jù)以登記賬簿的書面憑證。(4)登記賬簿,就是根據(jù)會(huì)計(jì)憑證,在賬簿上連續(xù)、完整、系統(tǒng)地記錄經(jīng)濟(jì)業(yè)務(wù)的一種專門方法。(5)成本計(jì)算,是按一定對(duì)象歸集各個(gè)經(jīng)營時(shí)期發(fā)生的費(fèi)用,從而計(jì)算各個(gè)對(duì)象的總成本和單位成本的一種專門方法。(6)財(cái)產(chǎn)清查,是指通過對(duì)貨幣資金、實(shí)物資產(chǎn)和往來款項(xiàng)的盤點(diǎn)或核對(duì),確定其實(shí)存數(shù),查明賬存數(shù)與實(shí)存數(shù)是否相符的一種專門方法。(7)編制會(huì)計(jì)報(bào)表,是以書面報(bào)告的形式,頂起總括地反映企事業(yè)單位外務(wù)狀況、經(jīng)營成果和現(xiàn)金流量變動(dòng)情況的一種專門方法。
(8)檢查、考核、分析會(huì)計(jì)資料,最重要的是進(jìn)行企業(yè)財(cái)務(wù)管理事務(wù)。
參考資料來源:百度百科-會(huì)計(jì)
納蘭美黛子
常用會(huì)計(jì)類英文詞匯包括:
1、股票 Short-term investments - stock
股票是股份公司發(fā)行的所有權(quán)憑證,是股份公司為籌集資金而發(fā)行給各個(gè)股東作為持股憑證并借以取得股息和紅利的一種有價(jià)證券。
2、銀行承兌匯票 Bank acceptance
銀行承兌匯票是商業(yè)匯票的一種。指由在承兌銀行開立存款賬戶的存款人簽發(fā),向開戶銀行申請(qǐng)并經(jīng)銀行審查同意承兌的,保證在指定日期無條件支付確定的金額給收款人或持票人的票據(jù)。
3、應(yīng)收利息 Interest receivable
應(yīng)收利息是指短期債券投資實(shí)際支付的價(jià)款中包含的已到付息期但尚未領(lǐng)取的債券利息。
4、庫存商品 Finished goods
庫存商品是指企業(yè)已完成全部生產(chǎn)過程并已驗(yàn)收入庫,合乎標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)格和技術(shù)條件,可以按照合同規(guī)定的條件送交訂貨單位,或可以作為商品對(duì)外銷售的產(chǎn)品以及外購或委托加工完成驗(yàn)收入庫用于銷售的各種商品。簡而言之,庫存商品指一切閑置的,用于未來的,有經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值的商品。
5、長期投資 Long-term investment
長期投資是指不準(zhǔn)備隨時(shí)變現(xiàn),持有時(shí)間超過1年的企業(yè)對(duì)外投資。長期投資之所以區(qū)別于短期投資,不但是投資期限的長短,更在于投資目的的不同。
6、現(xiàn)金 Cash
現(xiàn)金(cash),是指各主權(quán)國家法律確定的,在一定范圍內(nèi)立即可以投入流通的交換媒介。
7、減值準(zhǔn)備 Depreciation reserves
減值準(zhǔn)備是指資產(chǎn)的帳面價(jià)值超過其可收回金額,判斷資產(chǎn)是否減值,應(yīng)依據(jù)資產(chǎn)可能已經(jīng)發(fā)生減損的某些跡象,如果存在任何一種跡象,企業(yè)應(yīng)對(duì)其可收回金額進(jìn)行正式估計(jì)。
8、固定資產(chǎn) Fixed assets
固定資產(chǎn)是指企業(yè)為生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品、提供勞務(wù)、出租或者經(jīng)營管理而持有的、使用時(shí)間超過12個(gè)月的,價(jià)值達(dá)到一定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的非貨幣性資產(chǎn),包括房屋、建筑物、機(jī)器、機(jī)械、運(yùn)輸工具以及其他與生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營活動(dòng)有關(guān)的設(shè)備、器具、工具等。
9、累計(jì)折舊 Accumulated depreciation
“累計(jì)折舊”賬戶屬于資產(chǎn)類的備抵調(diào)整賬戶,其結(jié)構(gòu)與一般資產(chǎn)賬戶的結(jié)構(gòu)剛好相反,貸方登記增加,借方登記減少,余額在貸方。
10、在建工程 Construction-in-process
在建工程,指企業(yè)資產(chǎn)的新建、改建、擴(kuò)建,或技術(shù)改造、設(shè)備更新和大修理工程等尚未完工的工程支出。在建工程通常有“自營”和“出包”兩種方式。
比福爺爺
流動(dòng)資產(chǎn): CURRENT ASSETS:貨幣資金 Cash結(jié)算備付金 Provision of settlement fund拆出資金 Funds lent交易性金融資產(chǎn) Financial assets held for trading應(yīng)收票據(jù) Notes receivable應(yīng)收賬款 Accounts receivable預(yù)付款項(xiàng) Advances to suppliers應(yīng)收保費(fèi) Insurance premiums receivable應(yīng)收分保賬款 Cession premiums receivable應(yīng)收分保合同準(zhǔn)備金 Provision of cession receivable應(yīng)收利息 Interests receivable其他應(yīng)收款 Other receivable買入返售金融資產(chǎn) Recoursable financial assets acquired存貨 Inventories其中:原材料 Raw material庫存商品 Stock goods一年內(nèi)到期的非流動(dòng)資產(chǎn) Non-current assets maturing within one year其他流動(dòng)資產(chǎn) Other current assets流動(dòng)資產(chǎn)合計(jì) TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS非流動(dòng)資產(chǎn):NON-CURRENT ASSETS發(fā)放貸款及墊款 Loans and payments on behalf可供出售金融資產(chǎn) Available-for-sale financial assets持有至到期投資 Held-to-maturity investments長期應(yīng)收款 Long-term receivables長期股權(quán)投資 Long-term equity investments投資性房地產(chǎn) Investment real estates固定資產(chǎn)原價(jià) Fixed assets original cost減:累計(jì)折舊 Less:Accumulated depreciation固定資產(chǎn)凈值 Fixed assets--net value減:固定資產(chǎn)減值準(zhǔn)備 Less:Fixed assets impairment provision固定資產(chǎn)凈額 Fixed assets--net book value在建工程 Construction in progress工程物資 Construction supplies固定資產(chǎn)清理 Fixed assets pending disposal生產(chǎn)性生物資產(chǎn) Bearer biological assets油氣資產(chǎn) Oil and natural gas assets無形資產(chǎn) Intangibel assets開發(fā)支出 Research and development costs商譽(yù) Goodwill長期待攤費(fèi)用 Long-term deferred expenses遞延所得稅資產(chǎn) Deferred tax assets其他非流動(dòng)資產(chǎn) Other non-current assets其中:特準(zhǔn)儲(chǔ)備物資 Physical assets reserve specifically authorized非流動(dòng)資產(chǎn)合計(jì) TOTAL NON-CURRENT ASSETS流動(dòng)負(fù)債:CURRENT LIABILITIES:短期借款 Short-term borrowings向中央銀行借款 Borrowings from central bank吸收存款及同業(yè)存放 Deposits from customers and interbank拆入資金 Deposit funds交易性金融負(fù)債 Financial assets held for liabilities應(yīng)付票據(jù) Notes payable應(yīng)付賬款 Accounts payable預(yù)收款項(xiàng) Advances from customers賣出回購金融資產(chǎn)款 Funds from sales of financial assets with repurchasement agreement應(yīng)付手續(xù)費(fèi)及傭金 Handling charges and commissions payable應(yīng)付職工薪酬 Employee benefits payable其中:應(yīng)付工資 Including:Accrued payroll應(yīng)付福利費(fèi) Welfare benefits payable其中:職工獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)及福利基金 Including:Staff and workers' bonus and selfare應(yīng)交稅費(fèi) Taxes and surcharges payable其中:應(yīng)交稅金 Including:Taxes payable應(yīng)付利息 Interests payable其他應(yīng)付款 Other payables應(yīng)付分保賬款 Cession insurance premiums payable保險(xiǎn)合同準(zhǔn)備金 Provision for insurance contracts代理買賣證券款 Funds received as agent of stock exchange代理承銷證券款 Funds received as stock underwrite一年內(nèi)到期的非流動(dòng)負(fù)債 Non-current liabilities maturing within one year其他流動(dòng)負(fù)債 Other current liablities流動(dòng)負(fù)債合計(jì) TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES:非流動(dòng)負(fù)債:NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES:長期借款 Long-term loans應(yīng)付債券 Debentures payable長期應(yīng)付款 Long-term payables專項(xiàng)應(yīng)付款 Specific payable預(yù)計(jì)負(fù)債 Accrued liabilities遞延所得稅負(fù)債 Deferred tax liabilities其他非流動(dòng)負(fù)債 Other non-current liablities其中:特準(zhǔn)儲(chǔ)備基金 Authorized reserve fund非流動(dòng)負(fù)債合計(jì) TOTAL NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES:負(fù) 債 合 計(jì) TOTAL LIABILITIES所有者權(quán)益(或股東權(quán)益): OWNERS'(OWNER'S)/SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY實(shí)收資本(股本) Registered capital國家資本 National capital集體資本 Collective capital法人資本 Legal person's capital其中:國有法人資本 Including:State-owned legal person's capital集體法人資本 Collective legal person"s capital個(gè)人資本 Personal capital外商資本 Foreign businessmen's capital減:已歸還投資 Less:Returned investment實(shí)收資本(或股本)凈額 Registered capital--net book value資本公積 Capital surplus減:庫存股 Treasury stock專項(xiàng)儲(chǔ)備 Special reserve盈余公積 Surplus reserve其中:法定公積金 Including:Statutory accumulation reserve任意公積金 Discretionary accumulation儲(chǔ)備基金 Reserved funds企業(yè)發(fā)展基金 Enterprise expension funds利潤歸還投資 Profits capitalised on retum of investments一般風(fēng)險(xiǎn)準(zhǔn)備 Provision for normal risks未分配利潤 Undistributed profits外幣報(bào)表折算差額 Exchange differences on translating foreign operations歸屬于母公司所有者權(quán)益合計(jì) Total owners' equity belongs to parent company少數(shù)股東權(quán)益 Minority interest所有者權(quán)益合計(jì) TOTAL OWNERS' EQUITY負(fù)債及所有者權(quán)益總計(jì) TOTAL LIABILITIES & OWNERS' EQUITY一、營業(yè)總收入 OVERALL SALES其中:營業(yè)收入 Including:Sales from operations其中:主營業(yè)務(wù)收入 Including:sales of main operations其他業(yè)務(wù)收入 Income from other operations利息收入 Interest income已賺保費(fèi) Insurance premiums earned手續(xù)費(fèi)及傭金收入 Handling charges and commissions income二、營業(yè)總成本 OVERALL COSTS其中:營業(yè)成本 Including: Cost of operations其中:主營業(yè)務(wù)成本 Including:Cost of main operations其他業(yè)務(wù)成本 cost of other operations利息支出 Interest expenses手續(xù)費(fèi)及傭金支出 Handling charges and commissions expenses退保金 Refund of insurance premiums賠付支出凈額 Net payments for insurance claims提取保險(xiǎn)合同準(zhǔn)備金凈額 Net provision for insurance contracts保單紅利支出 Commissions on insurance policies分保費(fèi)用 Cession charges營業(yè)稅金及附加 Sales tax and additions銷售費(fèi)用 Selling and distribution expenses管理費(fèi)用 General and administrative expenses其中:業(yè)務(wù)招待費(fèi) business entertainment研究與開發(fā)費(fèi) research and development財(cái)務(wù)費(fèi)用 Financial expenses其中:利息支出 Interest expense利息收入 Interest income匯兌凈損失(凈收益以“-”號(hào)填列) Gain or loss on foreign exchange transactions (less exchange gain)資產(chǎn)減值損失 Impairment loss on assets其他other加:公允價(jià)值變動(dòng)收益(損失以“-”號(hào)填列) Plus: Gain or loss from changes in fair values(loss expressed with "-")投資收益(損失以“-”號(hào)填列)Investment income(loss expressed with "-")其中:對(duì)聯(lián)營企業(yè)和合營企業(yè)的投資收益 Including: Investment income from joint ventures and affiliates(loss expressed with "-")匯兌收益(損失以“-”號(hào)填列) Gain or loss on foreign exchange transactions s(loss expressed with "-")三、營業(yè)利潤(虧損以“-”號(hào)填列) PROFIT FROM OPERATIONS加:營業(yè)外收入 Plus: Non-operating profit其中:非流動(dòng)資產(chǎn)處置利得 Gains from disposal of non-current assets非貨幣性資產(chǎn)交換利得 Gains from exchange of non-monetary assets政府補(bǔ)助 Government grant income債務(wù)重組利得 Gains from debt restructuring減:營業(yè)外支出 Less:Non-operating expenses其中:非流動(dòng)資產(chǎn)處置損失 Including:Losses from disposal of non-current assets非貨幣性資產(chǎn)交換損失 Losses from exchange of non-monetary assets債務(wù)重組損失 Losses from debt restructuring四、利潤總額(虧損總額以“-”號(hào)填列) PROFIT BEFORE TAX (LOSS EXPRESSED WITH "-")減:所得稅費(fèi)用 Less: Income tax expenses五、凈利潤(凈虧損以“-”號(hào)填列) NET PROFIT (LOSS EXPRESSED WITH "-")歸屬于母公司所有者的凈利潤 Net profit belonging to parent company少數(shù)股東損益 Minority interest六、每股收益: EARNINGS PER SHARE (EPS)基本每股收益 Basic EPS稀釋每股收益 Diluted EPS七、其他綜合收益 OTHER CONSOLIDATED INCOME八、綜合收益總額 TOTAL CONSOLIDATED INCOME歸屬于母公司所有者的綜合收益總額 Consolidated income belonging to parent company歸屬于少數(shù)股東的綜合收益總額 Consolidated income belonging to Minority shareholders九、補(bǔ)充資料 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION營業(yè)總收入中:出口產(chǎn)品銷售收入 Including overall sales:sales income of export products營業(yè)總成本中:出口產(chǎn)品銷售成本 Including overall costs:sales cost of export products
番茄妹妹11
主要是財(cái)務(wù)術(shù)語有大概有:FA = Fixed Asset 固定資產(chǎn)IP= Investment Property 投資性房地產(chǎn)BS=Balance Sheet資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表P&L=Profit & Loss 損益CF=Cashflow 現(xiàn)金流GL= General Ledger 總賬AP= Accounts payable 應(yīng)付AR=Accounts Receivable 應(yīng)收FS= Financial Statement 財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告WP=Working Paper 工作底稿PR=Public Relation 公共關(guān)系NCI=Non-controlling interest 少數(shù)股東權(quán)益IFRS=International Financial Reporting Standard 國際財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表準(zhǔn)則GAAP=General Accepted Accounting Principles 一般公認(rèn)會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則CPA=Certified Public AccountantSA=Senior Accountant高級(jí)會(huì)計(jì)AM=Assistant Manager助理經(jīng)理SM=Senior Manager 高級(jí)經(jīng)理CFO=Chief Financial Officer 財(cái)務(wù)總監(jiān)IPO= Initial Public Offerings 首次公開發(fā)行(首次上市)RPT=Related Party Transactions 關(guān)聯(lián)公司交易SOP=Standard Operation Procedur 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)作業(yè)程序HKEX=Hong Kong Exchange & Clearing Limited 港交所AGM=Annual general meeting 年度股東大會(huì)RSU=Restricted share units 限售股OCI=Other comprehensive income 其他綜合收益IRD=Inland revenue department 香港稅務(wù)局ORM=Operational risk management運(yùn)營風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理
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