重點句型和短語 一、 have fun doing sth. 【句型介紹】 意為\"做某事有樂趣\"，其中have fun 相當(dāng)于enjoy oneself，表示過得愉快。 1. 英語中的集體名詞，如family, class, team等作主語時，若作為一個整體看，其后的謂語動詞用單數(shù)；若強調(diào)其組成成員，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如： My family is a happy one. 我家是個幸福的家庭。 My family are all watching TV. 我們?nèi)胰硕荚诳措娨暋?2. 在比較級中，要注意than后面人稱代詞的格。 1）當(dāng)句子中的謂語動詞是不及物動詞時，than后面的代詞用主格還是賓格，在意思上通常沒有區(qū)別。如： He runs faster than I / me. 他跑得比我快。 They get to school earlier than we / us every day. 他們每天都比我們到校早。 2)當(dāng)句中的謂語動詞是及物動詞時，than后面的人稱代詞用主格還是賓格在意思上就有差別了。試比較： I like you more than he. (=I like you more than he likes you.) 我比他更喜歡你。 I like you more than him. (=I like you more than I like him.) 你和他相比，我更喜歡你。 3． 不定式作定語時，應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面，一般指一個還沒有發(fā)生的動作。如： Do you have anything to say about this? 有關(guān)這件事你有沒有什么要說的？ 4． 在比較句型中，than后面的謂語動詞常常省略。也可以用相應(yīng)的助動詞來代替與前面相同的謂語動詞，以避免重復(fù)。如： Tom does better at the lessons than I (do). 湯姆功課比我好。 She ate less than I (did) for breakfast. 她早飯吃得比我少。 5． You\'d better ... 是You had better ... 的縮寫形式。 had better 為固定短語，意為\"最好......\"，后接動詞原形，常用來提出建議或勸告，其否定形式是\"had better not + 動詞原形\"。如： You\'d better not stay there too long. 你最好別在那里呆得太久。 We had fun playing computer games. 我們玩電腦游戲很愉快。 【句式比較】 have a good / nice / wonderful time doing sth. 做某事有樂趣 Did you have a good / nice / wonderful time visiting that country? 訪問那個國家你們快樂嗎？ 【特別提醒】 句中fun為不可數(shù)名詞，表樂趣，前面不能加不定冠詞。 二、 But I don\'t know what to do. 【句型介紹】 疑問詞 + 不定式可作主語、賓語或表語。 I don\'t know how to get her help. 我不知道怎樣才能得到她的幫助。 Where to buy this kind of seed is unknown to me. 我不知道去哪兒購買這種種子。 My question is when to leave for Tokyo. 我的問題是什么時候去東京。 【句式比較】 疑問詞 + 不定式可轉(zhuǎn)換成連詞（原疑問詞）引導(dǎo)的主語從句、賓語從句和表語從句。 I don\'t know where we can find her. 我不知道在哪兒能找到她。 How she will go there is still a secret. 她怎么去那里還是一個謎。 Her question is how she can pass the exam. 她的問題是她怎樣才能通過這次考試。 【特別提醒】 疑問詞 + 不定式轉(zhuǎn)換成賓語從句時應(yīng)用陳述語序。 三、 This is ... speaking. 【句型介紹】 該句為打電話用語，用來進(jìn)行自我介紹，This代表我，speaking可以省去。 Hello! This is Tom (speaking). 你好，我是湯姆。 【句式比較】 Who is that (speaking)? 你是誰？that用來詢問對方是誰，speaking可以省去。 Is that ... (speaking)? 你是......嗎？that也用來詢問對方是誰， speaking也可以省去。 This is Mary (speaking). Who is that (speaking)? 我是瑪麗，你是誰？ Is that Jane (speaking)? 你是詹妮嗎？ 【特別提醒】 this不能換成I， that不能換成you。 四、 hear sb. / sth. doing 【句型介紹】 意為\"聽見某人 / 物正在做......\"，句中doing為現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語，表示動作正在進(jìn)行，強調(diào)一個過程。 Just then I heard someone crying \"Help! Help!\" 就在那時，我聽見有人在喊\"救命?。【让?！\" 【句式比較】 hear sb. / sth. do sth. 聽見某人 / 物做某事，句中do為不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語，表動作已經(jīng)結(jié)束，強調(diào)一個結(jié)果。 I heard him sing three songs. 我聽見他唱了三首歌。 hear sb. / sth. done聽見某人 / 物被......，done為動詞的過去分詞作賓語補足語，強調(diào)被動。 Do you often hear this song sung by him? 你經(jīng)常聽見他唱這首歌嗎？ 【特別提醒】 在這些句型中的hear可換成see, feel, watch等感官動詞。 初二1－7單元重點短語 作者：王宣玲 一、 名詞短語 a waste of time 浪費（白費）時間 field trip 野外旅游 the day after tomorrow后天 Terra Cotta Warriors 兵馬俑 Thanksgiving Day 感恩節(jié) on Mid-autumn Day / Festival 在中秋節(jié) 二、 動詞短語 go fishing 去釣魚 go boating 去劃船 go hiking 去徒步旅行 go on a picnic 去野餐 trip over （被......）絆倒 hurry up 趕快 get home 回家 get together 相聚 agree with ... 同意......意見（想法）；符合 ask for 請求；詢問 come up 走近；發(fā)生；上來；流行 come over 過來；抓住 三、 介、副詞短語 in the open air 在戶外；在野外 on time 準(zhǔn)時 at the front / back of 在前 / 后面 in front of 在......前面 in the country 在鄉(xiāng)下 in town 在城里 on the left /right side 在左 / 右邊 up and down 上上下下；來來回回 四、 其它短語 (not) ... any more再也不；不能再...... all the same 仍然； 還是 had better (do) 最好（做......） 八年級8－14單元重點句型 作者：郝昌明 一、I\'m sorry to hear that. [句型介紹] 該句是對所聽說的不幸事件的回答用語，含義為\"真遺憾；聽到那件事我很難過\"。 -I didn\'t pass the exam. 我沒通過這次考試。 -I\'m sorry to hear that. 真遺憾。 -My grandfather died yesterday. 我的祖父昨天去世了。 -I\'m sorry to hear that. 我很難過。 [知識拓展] 1. I\'m glad to hear that. 我真高興聽到那事。 -I have managed to buy a ticket for tonight\'s film. 我設(shè)法買到了今晚的電影票。 -I\'m （very） glad to hear that. 真替你高興。 2. Congratulations. 恭喜你。 -I\'ve just married a beautiful girl. 我剛剛?cè)⒘艘晃黄凉媚铩?-Congratulations. 恭喜你。 二、be good for [句型介紹] 意為\"有益于......\"， for后面接名詞。 Is swimming good for your health？游泳有益于你的身體健康嗎？ I think timely rain is good for the crops. 我認(rèn)為適時地下雨對莊稼生長有好處。 [知識拓展] be good to 對......友好；be good at 擅長...... She is always good to me. 她對我一直很友好。 She is good at singing popular songs. 她擅長唱流行歌曲。 三、ask sb. for sth. [句型介紹] 意為\"向某人要某物\"，sb.與sth.位置不得顛倒。 Can I ask you for help？你能幫幫我嗎？ To tell you the truth, when I have trouble, I always ask her for advice. 跟你說老實話，每當(dāng)我有麻煩時總向她征求意見。 [知識拓展] ask for sth. 要求得到某物；ask for sb.要求見某人 Yesterday he asked me for money. 昨天他向我要錢。 Did anybody ask for me during my absence？我不在的時候有人找過我嗎？ 四、be born in [句型介紹] 意為\"出生于\"，后接地點狀語或時間狀語。 He was born in a small town in 1995. 1995年他出生于一個小鎮(zhèn)上。 In which city was he born in 1988？1988年他出生在哪一個城市？ [知識拓展] be born of出生于......家庭 It is said that he was born of a teacher\'s family. 據(jù)說他出生于教師的家庭。 五、good luck with sth. [句型介紹] 祝賀用語，with后面接事物名詞。 Good luck with your exam. 祝你考試好運。 Good luck with your journey. 祝你旅途順利。 [知識拓展] good luck to sb. 祝......好運 Good luck to you. 祝你好運。 六、get married to [句型介紹] 意為\"和......結(jié)婚\"，強調(diào)動作，若不接賓語，應(yīng)省to。 She got married to a foreigner last year. 去年她和一個老外結(jié)了婚。 Did she get married last year？她是去年結(jié)婚的嗎？ [知識拓展] be married to \"和......結(jié)婚\"，強調(diào)狀態(tài)。 She was married to Li Ping. 她嫁給了李平。 值得注意的是，get married to屬終止性動詞短語，不可和表示時間段的狀語連用，但be married to卻可以，因為它是持續(xù)性動詞短語。 七、Would you like to ... ? [句型介紹] 該句用來提出請求，含義為\"你愿意......嗎\"，to后面接動詞原形。 Would you like to give me some help？你愿意給我提供一些幫助嗎？ Would you like to repair this bike for me？你愿意為我修這輛自行車嗎？ [知識拓展] Will / Would you please ...？please后面應(yīng)接動詞原形，含義為\"你愿意......嗎\"。 Will you please water these flowers？請你給這些花澆水，好嗎？ Would you please give me some money？你給我點兒錢，好嗎？ 八、Thanks a lot for ... [句型介紹] 該句為感謝用語，含義為\"非常感謝......\"，也可說成Thank you very much for ...， for為介詞，后面可接名詞、代詞、動名詞。 Thanks a lot for your kind help.感謝您友好的幫助。 Thank you very much for coming to see me.感謝你來看我。 [知識拓展] be thankful to sb. for sth.因某事對某人感激 I\'m thankful to you for your kindness.感謝您的好意。 九、last from ... to ... [句型介紹] 意為\"從......持續(xù)到......\"，from和to后面均應(yīng)接時間名詞。 Our sports meeting will last from Friday to Sunday. 我們的運動會將從星期五持續(xù)到星期日。 Their summer camp will last from October 1st to November 1st. 他們的夏令營將從10月1日持續(xù)到11月1日。 [知識拓展] go on to ... 延續(xù)到...... 1、 Feel well/bad 2、 Wake up (somebody)—fall asleep 3、 As soon as 4、 Be busy doing/with something 5、 Stop doing/to do/somebody from doing 6、 Go down 7、 Have something to do 8、 Sleeping pills 9、 Be awake—be asleep 10、 Light music 11、 In the band 12、 Try something/doing something 13、 Try to do something 14、 A piece of music 15、 Again and again 16、 系動詞：be/sound look seem smell taste feel/get turn become 17、 Look nice on 18、 Be/keep quiet 19、 Instead of something/doing 20、 Make trouble 21、 enough+名詞/形容詞或副詞+enough 22、 Be thin/fat 23、 Nothing much wrong/nothing serious 24、 Look over 25、 At the weekend 26、 have been to+地點 27、 Land on 28、 Pull something out of/up from 29、 Keep something cool 30、 All by oneself=alone 31、 Perhaps=maybe 32、 No longer=no more=not any longer=not any more 33、 Get back/get something back 34、 Sooner or later 35、 Drop something 36、 Run after 37、 Run away 38、 Eat up 39、 On the bank 40、 A few--few 41、 A little--little 42、 A little=a bit 43、 Pass something to somebody=pass somebody something 44、 Help oneself to 45、 Hot food 46、 Seem to do/that 47、 Fast food 48、 Be popular with 49、 Enjoy/enjoy oneself 50、 Enjoy something/doing 51、 Have a taste/taste like 52、 In the city of 53、 Both of/both And B 54、 Either or/either of 55、 Neither nor/neither of 56、 Agree with/to 57、 With—with out 58、 Take away—home cooking 59、 Take a seat 60、 By the window 61、 Take one’s order 62、 Go/walk alone/up/down 63、 Go on 64、 Cross=go across 65、 Take the first crossing on the right=turn right at the first crossing 66、 At/in the corner 67、 Be sick/ill 68、 In hospital 69、 In the hospital 70、 Arrive at/in / get to / reach 71、 At the end of 72、 Feel like doing 73、 Look over 74、 Wake somebody up 75、 It takes somebody + time + to do 76、 Be wake—be strong 77、 Quite a long way 78、 Had better do/not do 79、 Be happy/sorry/sad to do 80、 Look around 81、 情態(tài)動詞:can/can’t/may/must/mustn’t/have to 82、 Be sure about/of/to do/that 83、 In time/on time 84、 Make one’s way to 85、 The sign of 86、 Just then/just now 87、 Make a noise 88、 Stand a line 89、 Wait for one’s turn 90、 Stop doing/to do 91、 Jump the queue 92、 At the head of 93、 Laugh at 94、 Make a mistake 95、 Throw something about 96、 In fact 97、 At midnight 98、 Ring the door bell 99、 Complain about 100、 Quarrel with somebody 101、 Agree with somebody\\something 102、 Agree with something 103、 No longer (在句子中間) 104、 No more (在句子尾部) 105、 Not too bad 106、 Not at all 107、 在……時間之后 after (過去時)\\in (現(xiàn)在時) 108、 Wake somebody up 109、 Stop somebody from doing 110、 Spend on something 111、 Spend in doing 112、 So +助+主(做相同的事情) 113、 So+主+助(同意前者的說法) 參考資料： 1. Subject (主語) ＋ Verb (謂語) 這種句型中的動詞大多是不及物動詞，這些動詞常見的有：appear, apologize,arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise,等等。如： The students work very hard.學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)很努力。 She apologized to me again. 她再次向我道歉。 The accident happened yesterday evening.事故是昨天晚上發(fā)生的。 2. Subject (主語) ＋ Link. V(系動詞) ＋ Predicate(表語) 這種句型中的系動詞一般可分為下列兩類： (1)表示狀態(tài)的連系動詞。這些詞有：be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain, 等等。如： Several players lay flat on the playground.幾個隊員平躺在操場上。 We should remain modest and prudent any time.我們在任何時候都應(yīng)該保持謙虛謹(jǐn)慎。 This kind of food tastes terrible.這種食物吃起來很糟糕。 The picture looks more beautiful at a certain distance.這幅畫在一定的距離看更漂亮一些。 (2)表示轉(zhuǎn)變或結(jié)果的系動詞。這些詞有：become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove,等等。如： Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了，天氣變得越來越暖和。 Don't have the food. It has gone bad.不要吃那種食物，已經(jīng)變質(zhì)了。 The facts prove true.事實證明是正確的。 3. Subject(主語) ＋ Verb (謂語) ＋ Object (賓語) 這種句型中的動詞應(yīng)為及物動詞或者可以后接賓語的動詞短語。同時，句子中有時含有與賓語有關(guān)的狀語。作賓語的成分常是：名詞、代詞、動詞不定式、動名詞或從句。如： You can put the books in your bag.你可以把書放在書包里。 Farmers in our area grow lots of vegetables.我們這里的農(nóng)民種很多種蔬菜。 She lost the chance to make her appearance on the stage.她失去了在舞臺上露面的機(jī)會。 I prefer to make web pages.我更喜歡做網(wǎng)頁。 4. Subject(主語)＋Verb(謂語)＋ Indirect object(間接賓語)＋Direct object (直接賓語) 這種句型中作間接賓語的常常指“人”，直接賓語常常指“物”。如： Yesterday her father bought her a bicycle as a birthday present.昨天她父親給她買了一輛自行車作為生日禮物。 The old man is telling the children stories in the Long March.老人正在給孩子們講長征中的故事。 這種句型還可轉(zhuǎn)換為其他兩種句型：1)動詞 ＋ 賓語 ＋ for sb.； 2)動詞 ＋ 賓語＋to sb.。如： Please show me your picture. －Please show your picture to me. 請把你的畫給我看一下。 I'll offer you a good chance as long as you don?t lose heart. —I'll offer a good chance for you as long as you don't lose heart. 只要你不失去信心，我會給你提供機(jī)會的。 5. Subject(主語)＋Verb (動詞)＋Object (賓語)＋Complement(補語) 這種句型中的賓語＋ 補語可統(tǒng)稱為“復(fù)合賓語”。擔(dān)任補語的常常是名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、分詞、動詞不定式等。如： Keep the children quiet, please. 請讓孩子們安靜下來。 He painted the wall white. 他把墻漆成白色。 We found him an honest person.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他是一個誠實的人。 His mother told him not to play on the street.他母親告訴他不要在街上玩。 注意：動詞have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, observe, watch等后面所接的動詞不定式作賓補時，不帶to。如： The boss made him do the work all day.老板讓他整天做那項工作。 新目標(biāo)英語八年級上筆記 Review of Unit 1－6 I. language goals （語言目標(biāo)） 1. Talk about how often you do things 談?wù)撟鍪虑榈念l率。 2. Talk about your health. Make suggestions. 談?wù)摻】翟掝}以及提出建議。 3. Talk about future plans. 談?wù)撐磥淼挠媱?打算。 4. Talk about how to get to places. 談?wù)摰竭_(dá)某地的方式。 5. Learn to make invitations, say yes to invitations and say no to invitations and give reasons. 學(xué)會發(fā)出，接受和拒絕邀請并說出原因。 6. Learn to talk about personal traits and how to compare people. 學(xué)會談?wù)搨€人品質(zhì)以及如何比較人們。 II. Key Phrases （重點短語）： 1. how often 多長時間一次 2. junk food 垃圾食品 3. a lot of 許多 4. hardly ever 很少 5. start with 以…開始 6. try to do sth. 試著去做某事 7. look after 照料 8. be kind of unhealthy 有點不健康 9. once a day 一天一次 10. twice a month 一個月兩次 11. be good for 對…有好處 12. once in a while 偶爾 13. see a doctor / dentist 看病/看牙醫(yī) 14. get a cold / fever 感冒/發(fā)燒 15. have a stomachache 肚子疼 16. have a toothache 牙疼 17. have a sore throat 嗓子疼 18. lie down and rest 躺下休息 19. drink hot tea with honey 喝加蜂蜜的熱茶 20. be stressed out 緊張 21. listen to … 聽… 22. get tired 變的疲勞 23. keep healthy 保持健康 24. at the moment 此刻；目前 25. watch TV 看電視 26. play basketball 打籃球 27. babysit her sister 照看她的妹妹 28. visit my friend 拜訪我的朋友 29. relax at home 在家放松 30. sports camp 運動野營 31. something interesting 32. go hiking / camping / fishing / shopping / sightseeing 去徒步旅行/野營/釣魚/購物/觀光 33. go away 離開 34. get back to school 返回學(xué)校 35. stay for a week 呆一個星期 36. go bike riding 騎自行車兜風(fēng) 37. takes walks 散步 38. rent videos 租錄像帶 39. sleep a lot 睡得多 40. think about 考慮 41. take the subway / bus / boat / plane 乘地鐵/公共車/小船/飛機(jī) 42. get to 到達(dá) 43. go by bus / plane / boat 乘公共車/飛機(jī)/小船 44. train / subway / bus station 火車/地鐵/公共車站 45. bus ride 乘公共車的旅行 46. ride a bike 騎自行車 47. bus stop 公共汽車站 48. on foot 步行 49. leave for 離開去… 50. school bus 學(xué)校班車 51. the early bus 早班車 52. be different from 與…不同 53. half past six 六點半 54. in North America 在北美洲 55. a quick breakfast 快捷的早餐 56. need to do 需要做… 57. more than 多于 58. play soccer 踢足球 59. baseball game 棒球比賽 60. school team 校隊 61. come over to 過來到… 62. the day after tomorrow 后天 63. be good at 擅長于… 64. two years ago 兩年前 65. be outgoing 外向的 66. all the time 一直 67. in some ways 在一些方面 68. look the same 看起來一樣 69. talk to everyone 與大家談話 70. make me laugh 使我笑 III. Key Sentence Structures 重要句型： Unit 1: 1. －What do you usually do on weekends? －I usually go to the movies. 2. －What does he sometimes do on weekends? －He sometimes surfs the Internet. 3. How often do you exercise? I exercise once a week. 4. How often does she eat vegetables? She eats vegetables three times a day. 5. Most of the students go to the beach every year. 6. It makes a big difference to my grades. 7. My eating habits are pretty good. Unit 2: 1. What’s the matter? What’s wrong? What’s the trouble? 2. I’m not feeling well. I have a cold / fever/ stomachache / sore throat. /I have a lot of headaches. 3. Maybe you should see the doctor / dentist. You should drink some hot tea with honey. 4. You shouldn’t eat anything for 24 hours. 5. Don’t get stressed out. It will make you sick. 6. I’m sorry to hear that you are not feeling well. Unit 3 1. －What is she doing for vacation? －She is babysitting her little sister. －That sounds nice / interesting. 2. －When are you going? －I’m going on Monday. 3. －Where are they going? －They are going to Tibet. 4. －Who is she going with? －She is going with her parents. 5. －How long is he staying. －He is staying for a week. 6. －How is the weather there? －I’m hoping the weather will be nice. 7. He is leaving for Hong Kong the first week in June. 8. Have a good time. Unit 4: 1. －How do you get to school? －I get to school by bus. 2. －How does he go to work? －He usually walks to school. 3. －How long does it take? －It takes about twenty minutes. 4. －How far is it from his home to school? －It’s three miles. 5. What do you think of the transportation in your town? Unit 5: 1. －Can you come to my party on Wednesday? －Sure, I’d love to. / I’m sorry, I have to have a piano lesson. 2. －Can she go to the movies on Saturday? －No, she can’t. She has to help her mom. 3. －Can you go to the concert on Monday? －When is it? －It’s at four o’clock on Friday. 4. Thanks a lot for the invitation. 5. I’m going to study for a test this evening. 6. What’s the date today? Unit 6 1. Pedro is funnier t