Preface With the changes in the international trend in recent years, making Chinese herbal medicine has been increasing, and increasingly is an unmistakable trend. With the development of Chinese herbal medicine around the world rise to an upsurge of nature-lovers, not only in medicine, the health food, cosmetics has gradually favored by the market, there is a growing understanding of Chinese herbal medicine is not as Western or other chemicals a single composition or pharmaceutical composition, its role in one direction with a simple response mechanism, so have turned to natural herbal Kampo mainly to reduce the side effects of chemistry. Many of today's anti-oxidant application of natural products research, from the Food and Drug extended to the field of the application of cosmetics, cosmetics, do not ignore the trend of adding natural products has become so effective combination of cosmetics and herbal medicines on the techniques, but also enhance the added value of both sides, so that cosmetic industry to grow year after year, but also for related industries to flourish, we can see the potential of Chinese herbs in cosmetics on the endless business opportunities. Since this study was typical of herbs, Phyllanthus urinaria, belongs to Euphorbiaceae Yau Kom plants, alias pearl grass, is a small herb, widespread in tropical and subtropical growing China, India, South America, several hundred years ago, is already a Chinese folk medicine, based on past literature reported that Phyllanthus can be the role of anti-hepatitis B, anti-liver cell injury, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial action, anti-oxidation and protects the heart role in removing the DPPH radical, superoxide anion radical, hydrogen peroxide, nitricoxide and other free radicals 1-3. According to many literature reports of human body mainly by the oxygen free radicals in the body into ROS (reactive oxygen species, ROS) and nitrogen oxides with active (reactive nitrogen species, RNS), such as lipid hydroperoxide, single oxygen 4. They will attack the body on the cell membrane polyunsaturated fatty acid, PUFA and various amino acids, resulting in eutrophication injury or genetic abnormalities and other factors lead to such diseases such as cancer, diabetes, emphysema, arterial atherosclerosis and cerebral vascular disease such as 5-6, the Composite foregoing right of free radicals and can be categorized the following types of 7: (A) superoxide anion radical O-2. Usually is the most commonly produced by free radicals, in the human body's phagocytic cells and glands in the particles will produce an electronic Deng Jun Yin leave the child free radical superoxide. However, a very short half-life, but can cause free radical reactions would be locked together, and then produced two products, three products were bound to be hurt. (B) hydrogen peroxide H2O2 hydrogen peroxide on cell damage is greater because of its transit through the cell membrane and in vivo in the iron and copper occurred fenton reaction, producing hydroxyl radicals (HO.) of hydrogen peroxide may activate heme protein, hemoglobin and myoglobin, as with iron compounds, and these compounds will lead to cell lipid peroxidation. (C) hydroxyl radicalHO. Hydroxyl radical is probably the most radical would be running one, in addition to 了 radical transformation in addition, in many cases will produce a large number of HO. . It will cause further damage to lipid peroxidation in cells, and will, and amino acids, ribosomes, phospholipids and other biological reactions in vivo. Multiple not saturated fatty acids (PUFA) and hydroxyl radical relations are very close, generally considered a HO. Reaction to produce a result of the lock together hundreds of PUFA peroxidation. (D) single oxygen1O2 for the in vivo stability of oxygen by ultraviolet light after unstable phenomenon, and very Transaction with hydrogen reaction, a direct attack not saturated fatty acids, resulting in free radicals and lipid oxidation of materials. (E) lipid hydroperoxideLOOH lipid peroxidation reaction of many radical things finished product, and most of them in the cell membrane and fatty acids. LPO aldehydes also produce harmful types, base types, or other products. , Or other products of lipid peroxidation and the enzymes, proteins, nucleic acids effect, causing cell disease or death.