文章思路：首先介紹了故宮的地理位置及基本情況，接著介紹了故宮的歷史，最后詳細(xì)介紹了故宮的結(jié)構(gòu)。

北京故宮是中國明清兩代的皇家宮殿，舊稱紫禁城，位于北京中軸線的中心。北京故宮以三大殿為中心，占地面積約72萬平方米，建筑面積約15萬平方米，有大小宮殿七十多座，房屋九千余間。

Beijing Palace Museum is the Royal Palace of Ming and Qing Dynasties in China, formerly known as the Forbidden City, located in the center of Beijing's central axis. The Palace Museum in Beijing, with three main halls as its center, covers an area of 720000 square meters and a construction area of 150000 square meters. It has more than 70 palaces and 9000 houses.

北京故宮于明成祖永樂四年（1406年）開始建設(shè)，以南京故宮為藍(lán)本營建，到永樂十八年（1420年）建成，成為明清兩朝二十四位皇帝的皇宮。

The Palace Museum in Beijing was built in 1406, the fourth year of Yongle reign of emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty. It was built in 1420, the 18th year of Yongle reign. It became the palace of 24 emperors in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

民國十四年國慶節(jié)（1925年10月10日）故宮博物院正式成立開幕。北京故宮南北長961米，東西寬753米，四面圍有高10米的城墻，城外有寬52米的護(hù)城河。

In the 14th year of the Republic of China, the National Day (October 10, 1925) officially opened the Palace Museum. The Palace Museum is 961 meters long from north to South and 753 meters wide from east to west. It is surrounded by a 10 meter high wall and a 52 meter wide moat.

紫禁城有四座城門，南面為午門，北面為神武門，東面為東華門，西面為西華門。城墻的四角，各有一座風(fēng)姿綽約的角樓，民間有九梁十八柱七十二條脊之說，形容其結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜。

The Forbidden City has four gates: Meridian Gate in the south, Shenwu gate in the north, Donghua gate in the East and Xihua gate in the West. At the four corners of the city wall, each has a graceful turret. Among the people, there is a saying that there are nine beams, eighteen columns and seventy-two ridges, which describes its complex structure.

北京故宮內(nèi)的建筑分為外朝和內(nèi)廷兩部分。外朝的中心為太和殿、中和殿、保和殿，統(tǒng)稱三大殿，是國家舉行大典禮的地方。三大殿左右兩翼輔以文華殿、武英殿兩組建筑。

The Palace Museum in Beijing is divided into two parts: the outer court and the inner court. The center of the outer court is Taihe hall, Zhonghe hall and Baohe hall, which are collectively referred to as the three main halls. It is the place where the state held the grand ceremony. The left and right wings of the three halls are supplemented by Wenhua hall and Wuying hall.

內(nèi)廷的中心是乾清宮、交泰殿、坤寧宮，統(tǒng)稱后三宮，是皇帝和皇后居住的正宮。其后為御花園。后三宮兩側(cè)排列著東、西六宮，是后妃們居住休息的地方。

The center of the inner court is Qianqing palace, Jiaotai palace and Kunning palace, collectively referred to as the latter three palaces. It is the main palace where the emperor and queen live. After that was the royal garden. On both sides of the latter three palaces are the six palaces in the East and the west, where the empresses and concubines live and rest.

東六宮東側(cè)是天穹寶殿等佛堂建筑，西六宮西側(cè)是中正殿等佛堂建筑。外朝、內(nèi)廷之外還有外東路、外西路兩部分建筑。

The east side of the East six palaces is the Tianqiong hall and other Buddhist hall buildings, while the west side of the West six palaces is the main hall and other Buddhist hall buildings. In addition to the outer court and the inner court, there are two parts of buildings, waidong road and waixi road.