<1> Who killed led Cock Robin? (誰(shuí)殺了知更鳥(niǎo)?)Who killed Cock Robin?I, said the Sparrow,With my bow and arrow,I killed Cock Robin.Who saw him die?I, said the Fly.With my little eye,I saw him die.Who caught his blood?I, said the Fish,With my little dish,I caught his blood.Who'll make his shroud?I , said the Beetle,With my thread and needle,I'll make the shroud.Who'll dig his grave?I, said the Owl,With my pick and shovel,I'll dig his grave.Who'll be the person?I, said the Rook,With my little book,I'll be the person.Who'll be the clerk?I, said the Lark,If it's not in the dark,I'll be the clerk.Who'll carry the link?I, said the Linnet,I'll fetch it in a minute,I'll carry the link.Who'll be chief mourner?I, said the Dove,I mourn for my love,I'll be chief mourner.Who'll carry the coffin?I, said the Kite,If it's not through the night,I'll carry the coffin.Who'll bear the pall?We, said the Wren,Both the cock and the hen,We'll bear the pall.Who'll sing a psalm?I, said the Thrush,As she sat on a bush,I'll sing a psalm.Who'll toll the bell?I, said the Bull,Because I can pull,So Cock Robin, farewell.All the birds of the airFell a-sighing and a-sobbing,When they heard the bell tollFor poor Cock Robin.NOTICETo all it concerns,This notice apprises,The Sparrow's for trial,At next bird assizes.(中譯)誰(shuí)殺了知更鳥(niǎo)？是我，麻雀說(shuō)，我殺了知更鳥(niǎo)，用我的弓和箭。誰(shuí)看到他死？是我，蒼蠅說(shuō)，我看到他死，用我的小眼睛。誰(shuí)取走他的血？是我，魚(yú)說(shuō)，我取走他的血，用我的小碟子。誰(shuí)來(lái)做壽衣？是我，甲蟲(chóng)說(shuō)，我將為他做壽衣，用我的針和線。誰(shuí)來(lái)挖墳?zāi)?？是我，貓頭鷹說(shuō)，我將為他挖墳?zāi)梗梦业蔫徸雍顽P子。誰(shuí)來(lái)當(dāng)牧師？是我，烏鴉說(shuō)，我將為他當(dāng)牧師，用我的小本子。誰(shuí)來(lái)當(dāng)執(zhí)事？是我，云雀說(shuō)，如果不是在暗處，我將當(dāng)執(zhí)事。誰(shuí)拿火炬來(lái)？是我，紅雀說(shuō)，我將拿它片刻。我將拿火炬來(lái)。誰(shuí)來(lái)當(dāng)主祭？是我，鴿子說(shuō)，我將當(dāng)主祭。為吾愛(ài)哀悼。誰(shuí)來(lái)抬棺？是我，鳶說(shuō)，若不經(jīng)過(guò)夜晚，我將抬棺。誰(shuí)來(lái)扶棺？是我們，鷦鷯說(shuō)，還有公雞和母雞，我們將扶棺。誰(shuí)來(lái)唱贊美詩(shī)？是我，畫(huà)眉說(shuō)，當(dāng)他埋入灌木叢中，我將唱贊美詩(shī)。誰(shuí)來(lái)敲喪鐘？是我，牛說(shuō)，因?yàn)槲铱梢岳?，所以，再?huì)了，知更鳥(niǎo)。當(dāng)喪鐘 為那可憐的知更鳥(niǎo)響起，空中所有的鳥(niǎo) 都悲嘆哭泣。啟事關(guān)系人請(qǐng)注意，下回小鳥(niǎo)審判，受審者為麻雀。(注三)此首「誰(shuí)殺了知更鳥(niǎo)」也有人翻做「知更鳥(niǎo)之死」，是鵝媽媽童謠中相當(dāng)著名的一首，國(guó)外的鵝媽媽童謠集一般皆會(huì)收錄，但來(lái)到國(guó)內(nèi)，國(guó)內(nèi)出版的鵝媽媽童謠集幾乎不會(huì)收錄這首「Who killed led Cock Robin?」。此首歌旋律輕快且優(yōu)美，也是許多英國(guó)小孩朗朗上口的一首童謠?！竁ho killed led Cock Robin?」內(nèi)容描述知更鳥(niǎo)(Cock Robin)原本被天上所有的鳥(niǎo)兒喜愛(ài)，最后卻在小鳥(niǎo)審判(bird assizes)中死亡的故事。看似荒誕的童話故事，尤其是最后”下回的受審者”竟然是童謠一開(kāi)始?xì)⒘酥B(niǎo)的麻雀，殺人者亦會(huì)受到審判，使得這首童謠更添加了因果循環(huán)的深層含意。也有不少的推理小說(shuō)或推理漫畫(huà)喜歡引用這首「Who killed led Cock Robin?」，如 S.S.范達(dá)因在 1928 年出版的著名推理小說(shuō)“The Bishop Murder Case”(中譯為主教殺人事件)中即引用了這首與其余兩首鵝媽媽童謠。lune at 2008-1-07 21:57:24<2> Ten little nigger boys went out to dine (十個(gè)小黑人)Ten little nigger boys went out to dine;One choked his little self, and then there were nine.Nine little nigger boys sat up very late;One overslept himself, and then there were eight.Eight little nigger boys travelling in Devon;One said he'd stay there, and then there were seven.Seven little nigger boys chopping up sticks;One chopped himself in half, and then there were six.Six little nigger boys playing with a hive;A bumble-bee stung one, and then there were five.Five little nigger boys going in for law;One got in chancery, and then there were four.Four little nigger boys going out to sea;A red herring swallowed one, and then there were three.Three little nigger boys walking in the Zoo;A big bear bugged one, and then there were two.Two little nigger boys sitting in the sun;One got frizzled up, and then there was one.One little nigger boy living all alone;He went and hanged himself, and then there were none.(中譯)十個(gè)小黑人外出吃飯，一個(gè)噎死還剩下九個(gè)。九個(gè)小黑人熬夜到很晚，一個(gè)睡過(guò)頭還剩下八個(gè)。八個(gè)小黑人到德文游玩，一個(gè)說(shuō)要留下還剩下七個(gè)。七個(gè)小黑人砍棍子，一個(gè)把自己砍成兩半還剩下六個(gè)。六個(gè)小黑人玩蜂窩，一只黃蜂盯住一個(gè)還剩五個(gè)。五個(gè)小黑人進(jìn)了法院，一個(gè)被留下還剩下四個(gè)。四個(gè)小黑人到海邊，一條紅色的鯊魚(yú)吞下一個(gè)還剩下三個(gè)。三個(gè)小黑人走進(jìn)動(dòng)物園里，一只大熊抓走一個(gè)還剩下兩個(gè)。兩個(gè)小黑人坐在太陽(yáng)下，一個(gè)熱死只剩下一個(gè)。一個(gè)小黑人覺(jué)得好寂寞，他上吊后一個(gè)也不剩。(注四)此首童謠十個(gè)小黑人(Ten little nigger boys went out to dine)也是鵝媽媽童謠中非常著名的一首內(nèi)容看似相當(dāng)荒唐 但也十分有趣 可是現(xiàn)在這首童謠的最后一句"He went and hanged himself, and then there were none.”可能因不適合兒童，所以時(shí)常改成”He got married, and then there were none.”(他結(jié)婚后一個(gè)也不剩)。歌詞描述原有十個(gè)小黑人，經(jīng)過(guò)了許多波折，使得原本在一起的他們最后只剩一個(gè)人，剩下的那個(gè)小黑人覺(jué)得非常寂寞，便上吊自殺了。這也可以喻為原本為勞工階級(jí)的一群人，在中產(chǎn)階級(jí)、資本主義殘酷的壓迫后，漸漸的凋零，到了最后一個(gè)也不留。知名的推理小說(shuō)家，擁有”謀殺天后”之稱的 Agatha?Christie(阿嘉莎.克莉絲蒂)，也曾以這首童謠為背景寫(xiě)出了＂And Then There Were None″(中譯名為一個(gè)都不留)此本小說(shuō)。<3> Lizzie Borden Took An Axe (莉琪波登拿著斧頭)Lizzie Borden took an axe,and gave her mother forty whacks.When she saw what she had done,she gave her father forty-one.(中譯)莉琪波登拿起斧頭，劈了媽媽四十下；當(dāng)她意識(shí)到自己的行為，又砍了爸爸四十一下。(注五)此首令人發(fā)指的童謠「Lizzie Borden Took An Axe」，其實(shí)是由真實(shí)的故事改編而成的。1892 年 8 月 4 日午前，瀑布河城銀行家安德魯波登（Andrew Borden）33 歲的女兒莉琪（Lizzie Borden, 1860~1927）突然對(duì)自家女仆呼喊，驚叫自己的父親遭人用斧頭砍死在屋內(nèi)；醫(yī)師、鄰居等人聞?dòng)嶊懤m(xù)趕到，眾人進(jìn)一步發(fā)現(xiàn)莉琪的繼母也被利斧擊斃于二樓。盡管莉琪波登因?yàn)樯嫦又卮蠖淮?，歷經(jīng)一年多的偵訊審判，司法做出了無(wú)罪開(kāi)釋的結(jié)論，引起輿論嘩然。案子審理期間法庭內(nèi)外都有相當(dāng)激烈的推理、辯論，有不少人直覺(jué)傳聞和繼母一直處得不好的莉琪有行兇動(dòng)機(jī)，然而卻缺乏有力的犯案證據(jù)以及目擊證人；法庭上淑女形象的莉琪波登看起來(lái)無(wú)助而纖弱，贏得全以男性組成的陪審團(tuán)（當(dāng)時(shí)美國(guó)女性尚無(wú)參政權(quán)）同情，在一個(gè)多小時(shí)的討論之后，認(rèn)定其人并非兇手。若不是莉琪殺了自己的父母，那兇手又是誰(shuí)？對(duì)于這個(gè)案件的調(diào)查研究，一百多年來(lái)未曾間斷，各種耳語(yǔ)、謠傳更激發(fā)出無(wú)數(shù)文學(xué)藝術(shù)，甚至是紀(jì)念工藝品的創(chuàng)意；發(fā)生命案的房子，現(xiàn)在是瀑布河城能提供游客用餐，甚至居住的知名旅游景點(diǎn)。不管真相如何，在充滿黑色趣味的鵝媽媽童謠渲染下（實(shí)際上兩位被害者總共僅被砍二十九下），大眾對(duì)莉琪波登的偏見(jiàn)更加根深蒂固，她的名字早已成了殘酷殺手的代名詞，多數(shù)相關(guān)的小說(shuō)、電影作品，直接點(diǎn)名莉琪波登是兇手，并且在加油添醋的情節(jié)中，讓她受到報(bào)應(yīng)。但實(shí)際上被宣告無(wú)罪的波登和姊姊共同繼承父親遺產(chǎn)，賣掉兇宅，遠(yuǎn)離瀑布河城的是非圈。波登后半輩子醉心于戲劇與文學(xué)，身后大筆財(cái)產(chǎn)捐贈(zèng)予防止虐待動(dòng)物協(xié)會(huì)（Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals）；愛(ài)護(hù)動(dòng)物與兇殘殺手兩種截然不同的形象，讓莉琪波登的生平，更增傳奇色彩。(注五)<4> 一個(gè)扭曲的男人 (There was a crooked man)There was a crooked man, and he walked a crooked mile,He found a crooked sixpence against a crooked stile;He bought a crooked cat, which caught a crooked mouse,And they all lived together in a little crooked house.(中譯)一個(gè)扭曲的男人，走了一哩扭曲的路。手拿扭曲的六便士，踏上扭曲的臺(tái)階，買一只歪歪扭扭的貓兒，貓兒抓著歪歪扭扭的老鼠。他們一起住歪歪扭扭的小屋。此首童謠很明顯的描述一名精神失常的男子，他與他身邊的事物皆是「扭曲」的，歌詞描述的十分貼近現(xiàn)實(shí)精神疾病患者的模樣，以第三人稱的角度，來(lái)看待他的生活與身邊的事物，以「扭曲」代表與正常人生活相反的一面。在黑暗的時(shí)代中，壓力過(guò)大以致于精神失?；虬l(fā)瘋的人不在少數(shù)，以現(xiàn)代來(lái)說(shuō)，患有精神疾病的人其實(shí)也不少，他們的生活是「扭曲」的，在我們的眼里看起來(lái)他們也是「扭曲」的一群人，所以用「crook」(扭曲)來(lái)連貫這整首歌詞是非常貼切的。