英語主要有三中構詞法： 1、轉化(conversion)：由一個詞類轉化成為另一個詞類。 2、派生(derivation)：通過加前綴或后綴構成另一個詞。 3、合成(compounding)：由兩個或更多的詞合成一個詞。 轉化——英文名詞活用做動詞 1. Have you booked（訂票） your ticket? 2. Who chaired （主持）the meeting? 3. He pinned （寄托）great hope on us. 4. It can seat*（容納） a thousand people. 5. We have mapped（制定） out plans for their utilization. 6. It pictures （描繪）the life of overseas Chinese students. 7. He hurriedly penciled（用鉛筆寫下）the time on it. 8. By noon he had bagged （捕獲）three hares 9. The machine bottles（裝瓶） 15000 jars of cold cream a day. 10. The money was all pocketed（裝進腰包）by corrupt officials. 11. He hammered（釘釘子）a nail into the wall. 一些表示身體某部分的名詞也可用來做動詞： 1.We'll back you up（做后盾）. 2.Who headed（帶領） the delegation? 3.We should shoulder（擔負）these responsiblities. 4.She fingered（撫摩）the silk gently. 5.Soon the seeding shot up and began to ear. 秧苗很快長起來，并開始抽穗。 6.I'm never interested in nosing out（探聽）the details of someone else's private life. 7.They eyed（注視） him with suspicion. 一些表示某類人的名詞也可用作動詞： He insisted on staying up to nurse the child. 他堅持不懈來護理這個小孩。 We were hosted by members of the embassy. 我們受到大使館成員的款待。 Our aim is to save the patient and not to doctor him to death. 我們的目的是把他的病治好，而不是把他治死。 The equipment was manned by three workers per shift. 這個設備每一班由三個工人操作。 He has soldiered in France in his youth. 他年輕時在法國當過兵。 The army was officered by brave men. 這支軍隊由勇敢的人擔任軍官。 He fathered many inventions. 他有過許多發(fā)明。 一些表示其它實物的名詞也可作動詞： Each apartment can house a family of six. 每套房間可以住一戶六口之家。 I hope we can room together. 我希望我們能住同一個房間。 This helped to bridge over our difficulties. 幫助我們渡過了困難。 They flowered well but bore little fruit. 它們花開得很好，但果結得不多。 He floored the room. 他給房間鋪上地板。 We manured the soil before sowing. 播種前我們先施底肥。 An aeroplane was used to dust insectcide. 一架飛機用來噴灑殺蟲劑。 We decided to dam the river. 我們決定筑一道攔河壩。 He is busy oiling the bicycle. 他忙著給自行車上油。 He wolfed down three great bowls of rice. 他狼吞虎咽地吃了三大碗飯。 The pill is coated with sugar. 藥丸外面有糖衣。 Executives, workers and technicians team up. 行政人員、工人和技術人員組成一個工作組。 一些抽象名詞可用作動詞： Where do swallows winter? 燕子在哪里過冬？ We summered by Lake Geneva. 我們在日內瓦湖畔度過夏天。 For six days and nights they battled to 給我來信 save his life. 他們苦戰(zhàn)了六晝夜來搶救他的生命。 Through my childhood, I had hungered for education. 我從小就盼望上學。 The attack must be properly timed. 進攻的時間要適當。 They breakfasted (lunched) at the guesthouse. 他們在賓館吃了早飯（午飯）。 有少部分形容詞也可用作動詞： Wrongs must be righted when they are discovered. 發(fā)現(xiàn)了錯誤一定要改正。 They braved the bitter cold to complete the railway. 他們不顧嚴寒完成了這條鐵路。 She busied herself with household work. 她忙著干家務。 Only thus can we better the life of the people. 只有這樣才能改善人民的生活。 They finally freed themselves from slavery. 他們最后把自己從奴隸制度下解放出來。