原稿個(gè)別地方意思有點(diǎn)不連貫，如有問(wèn)題可進(jìn)一步聯(lián)系。 From propylene , ammonia and air montecatini edison’s highly active, low bulk density fluid catalyst gives acrylonitrile at lowest cost Montecatini Edison 的高活性、低體積密度流體催化劑，以最低的成本從丙烯、氨水和空氣獲得了丙烯腈。 Giorgio Caporali , Montecatini Edison S.p.A,Milan ,Italy Giorgio Caporali , Montecatini Edison S.p.A,Milan ,意大利 Since about 1960,the leading route to acrylonitrile has been by catalytic reaction of propylene with ammonia and air。大約從1960年起，獲得丙烯腈的主要技術(shù)路線(xiàn)一直是利用丙烯與氨水和空氣的催化反應(yīng)。 Montedison’s process was first commercialized in 1968 in their 60,000-ton/year plant. This process has been licensed to Paular CO. in Spain for a 40,000-ton/year plant and montedison is planning another plant for themselves with 100,00 ton/year capacity. Montedison的工藝首先是在1968年商業(yè)化的，工廠(chǎng)的生產(chǎn)能力為6萬(wàn)噸/年。這一工藝已經(jīng)特許給西班牙的Paular公司4萬(wàn)噸/年的工廠(chǎng)中生產(chǎn)，Montedison正在為自己計(jì)劃另一家1萬(wàn)噸/年生產(chǎn)能力的工廠(chǎng)。 Although modern commercial acrylonitrile process appear similar and produce very pure product ,each is characterized by its own original features: 雖然現(xiàn)代化的商業(yè)丙烯腈工藝似乎是類(lèi)似的，而且生產(chǎn)出很純的產(chǎn)品，但每一種都有它們自己的固有特點(diǎn)： Catalyst system and rector technique 催化劑系統(tǒng)和反應(yīng)器技術(shù) Nature, condition and sequence of recovery and purification step. 回收和純化步驟的本質(zhì)、條件和程序 These step and features in the Montecatini Edison process are shown in FIG .1 and other data may be found in the literature. Montecatini Edison工藝的這些步驟和特點(diǎn)示于圖1， 其他數(shù)據(jù)可以在文獻(xiàn)中找到。 RAW materials . There are only three reactants, the oxygen being supplied as air and no stream is repuired as diluent . Technical grade propylene(92-93 percent,the balance being propane ) and anhydrous fertilizer grade ammonia are satisfactory. Higher olefins are undesirable since they make byproducts which burden the purification steps. The there gaseous reactants are premixed and fed to the bottom of the reactors. 原材料。反應(yīng)物只有三種，氧由空氣提供，不需要?dú)饬髯鳛橄♂寗?。技術(shù)級(jí)的丙烯（92－93％，平衡劑為丙烷）和無(wú)水化肥級(jí)氨水就能滿(mǎn)足要求。過(guò)高的烯烴是不希望有的，以為它們形成會(huì)煩擾純化步驟的副產(chǎn)物。氣體的反應(yīng)物被預(yù)混合和饋送到反應(yīng)器的底部。 Reactors. Large size fluid bed catalytic reactors are used which provide: 反應(yīng)器。采用大尺寸的流化床催化反應(yīng)器，它具有： A bottom distribution plate for supporting the catalyst and distributing the gas; 用于支持催化劑和分配氣體的底部分配板； A top set of multiple effect cyclones, with dip legs ,recover and return the catalyst to near the bottom of the reaction zone; 一組頂部的多功能旋流分離除塵器，帶有料腿，用來(lái)將催化劑回收和返回到反應(yīng)區(qū)的底部。 Special sets of heat exchangers in the fluid bed for reaction heat removal and steam generation. 在流化床中的若干組特殊的熱交換器，用于去除反應(yīng)熱和流的發(fā)生。 Reaction conditions . Typical reaction condition values are: 420-460。C ; 2kg/cm2 absolute pressure ;feed composition ranging from 6.7-8 vol. percent propylene ,0.2-0.6percent propane,7.5-9percent ammonia,82.5-86percent air (which gives a minimum excess ammonia with respect to propylene and about 50percent stoichiometric excess air); liner gas velocity between 1 and 2 feet per second(based on empty reactor with total inlet gases volume at average operating conditions);and contact time in the order of a few second,e.g.,2to 6 second when gas volume is based as stated above, at the average operating conditions and referred to the volume of the packed catalyst. 反應(yīng)條件。典型的反應(yīng)條件值為：420－460℃；2kg/cm2絕對(duì)壓力；饋給組分的范圍為6.7－8體積百分比的丙烯，0.2－0.6百分比的丙烷，7.5－9百分比的氨水和82.5－86百分比的空氣（這提供了相對(duì)于丙烯的最小過(guò)量氨水，和大約50％化學(xué)計(jì)量的過(guò)量空氣）；1到2英尺/s的線(xiàn)性氣體速度（基于空的反應(yīng)器，在平均工作條件下總的入口氣體體積）；接觸時(shí)間在幾秒的量級(jí)，例如在氣體體積以上述為基礎(chǔ)，在平均工作條件下，參照包裝的催化劑體積時(shí)約2到6秒。 Catalyst The catalyst consists of oxygenated compounds of tellurium, cerium and molybdenum supported on a microspheroidal silica carrier. It contains about 20-30wt./wt. percent of active elements and has has a bulk density. The catalyst is presently produced by in facilities near the acrylonitrile plant. 催化劑。催化劑由支持在微球形二氧化硅載體上的碲、鈰和鉬的氧化混合物構(gòu)成。它含有大約20－30wt/wt％的活性元素和體積密度。該催化劑目前由靠近丙烯腈工廠(chǎng)的設(shè)備中生產(chǎn)。